Locked Virus Functionalities?

[NonSensical]

How do download viruses work? You download a malicious file, and then boom your entire computer is corrupted. How does the virus escape from the download folder and affect the whole computer? 

And a little side question, how do Anti-Viruses work? How do they, if they find a virus, just remove it?

Also, can you train your computer to avoid viruses like giving it a digital vaccine or something? 

[beggie00frmdaRed]

Viruses-

When you download and open a file, malicious code is executed. The file itself can remain in the download folder, or anywhere, its the code that spreads and corrupts your computer. This is usually done by exploiting vulnerabilities in your system, compromising your files, or enabling remote control etc.

Anti-Viruses -

Antivirus software scans your computer's files and processes for patterns that match known malware signatures. When it detects a match several actions can be taken to mitigate the issue.

Train Computer-

You cant really :vaccinate" your computer like a human, you can take proactive steps to enhance its security.