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  1. Web3 is a new generation of the Internet, which is used by, for example, cryptocurrency users. However, most Internet users are unaware that the web revolution is already underway, just as the transition from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0 was hardly noticeable. As William Gibson, the father of cyberpunk, said, the future is now, just unevenly distributed. Web 3.0 - what is it? Web 3 is, very broadly speaking, a decentralized Internet based on blockchain technology. In practice, it means, for example, transactions and financial services made online without intermediaries. It's not everything. The next generation of networks is to use machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) in unprecedented ways to create online services. As a result, applications and websites will be created that are ideally suited to the needs of the user. How does Web 3.0 work? Web3 works in a decentralized way. What does it mean? A decentralized network uses a P2P (peer-to-peer) infrastructure, i.e. a network of related devices without a single dominant node. This solution is to guarantee the lack of control, greater transparency and security of user data. Blockchains play a key role in Web3. These are distributed databases that record changes in the system. They are the basis for creating more and more applications and cryptocurrency trading. Another branch of Web3 is personalized information and services provided to users. This is due to the increasingly advanced machine learning and AI techniques as well as the developed semantic network, which guarantees very precise search results. History of the web - from Web 1 to Web 3.0 How did the network evolve and what were its next generations? How is Web 3.0 different from Web 2.0? Web 1.0 This is the first version of the World Wide Web (the term was proposed in 1989 by the British scientist Tim Berners-Lee). It lasted until around 2005. Web1 is the time of static HTML pages, decentralized services (e.g. Yahoo) and search engines (Netscape Navigator, Mosaic). The use of Web 1.0 was passive, Internet users could only read and watch content posted on websites. Interaction between users was limited to discussion forums and messengers, which were very primitive compared to Messenger. Web 2.0 Passive content consumption has been replaced by the ability to interact with the pages you visit. Users exchange content and create it themselves. Intermediaries are social media, blogs, network services. A few years ago, Web2 reached its highest level of development. It is a network that we know very well, dominated by digital giants: Google, Facebook, Amazon, Apple. The power of these global corporations has become so great that politicians decided to introduce regulations regarding, among others, collecting and trading user data (solutions proposed, for example, by the European Union). Web 3.0 Web3, in the words of Gavin Wood, is a “decentralized blockchain-based internet ecosystem.” This is an epoch in the history of the World Wide Web that is just beginning. The best-known characteristic element of Web 3.0 is blockchain technology, cryptocurrencies and NFT (non-fungible tokens). The next revolution on the Internet is the answer to the powerful Big-Tech. Thanks to Web 3.0, network users will regain control over their data and will be able to operate on the Internet without intermediaries (eg banks or large Internet services). Interestingly, not everyone is enthusiastic about the concept of Web3. For example, Elon Musk believes that Web 3 is just a marketing slogan.
  2. BeeF (Browser Exploitation Framework) is a tool used for testing and exploiting web browsers. It is an open-source penetration testing tool that is designed to assess the security of web browsers by exploiting vulnerabilities in the browser's design and plugins. BeeF is a browser-based tool that uses a client-server architecture. The server component runs on the attacker's machine, while the client component is injected into the victim's web browser through a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack. Once the client component is injected into the victim's browser, the attacker can use BeeF to control the browser, execute JavaScript code, and perform various actions, such as stealing cookies, taking screenshots, and manipulating web page content. BeeF can be used for both offensive and defensive purposes, and it is often used by penetration testers, security researchers, and web developers to test the security of web applications and to identify potential vulnerabilities that can be exploited by attackers. However, it is important to use BeeF responsibly and only with proper authorization, as it can be used for malicious purposes if not used appropriately.
  3. just wondering what OB most people use i mean OB2 or any other type like SV,Anomaly, seem OB2 has many functions and it's update and very good
  4. what hosts do you recommend on which you can put a warrior
  5. What is SQL Injection & its Attacks SQL injection is a type of web application vulnerability where an attacker can manipulate and submit a SQL command to retrieve the database information. This type of attack mostly occurs when a web application executes by using the user-provided data without validating or encoding it. It can give access to sensitive information such as social security numbers, credit card numbers, or other financial data to the attacker and allows an attacker to create, read, update, alter, or delete data stored in the backend database. It is a flaw in web applications and not a database or web server issue. Most programmers are still not aware of this threat. Attacks : On the basis of application used and the way it processes user supplied data, SQL injection can be used to implement the attacks mentioned below: Authentication bypass : Here the attacker could enter into the network without providing any authentic user name or password and could gain access over the network. he or she gets the highest privilege in the network. Information disclosure : After the unauthorized entry into the network, the attacjer gets access to sensitive data stored in the database. Compromised data integrity : The attacker changes the main content of the website and also enters malicious content into it. Compromiused availibility of data : The attacker uses this type of attack to delete the data related to audit information or any other crucial database information. Remote code execution : An attacker could modify, delete, or create data or even can create new accounts with full user rights on the server that shares files and folders. It allows an attacker to compromise the host operating system.
  6. What is password salting ? Password salting is a technique to protect passwords stored in databases by adding a string of 32 or more characters and then hashing them. Salting prevents hackers who breach an enterprise environment from reverse-engineering passwords and stealing them from the database. Password salting increases password complexity, making them unique and secure without affecting user experience. It also helps prevent hash table attacks and slows down brute-force and dictionary attacks. Password hashing and why salting is required Hashing prevents passwords from being exposed or stolen by threat actors, since they are not stored as plaintext. For example, when users create an account with a username and password on a website, their password is hashed and stored in an internal file system in an encrypted form. When users log in, the password runs through a one-way hashing algorithm that converts the password into a different and unrecognizable string of characters. During login, this string is compared to the other hashes stored in the website's database. If the credentials match the stored hash, users can access the account. If it doesn't match, hash verification fails, and users are not able to log in.
  7. What is OTP token ? A one-time password token (OTP token) is a security hardware device or software program that is capable of producing a single-use password or PIN passcode. One-time password tokens are often used as a part of two-factor and multifactor authentication. The use of one-time password tokens hardens a traditional ID and password system by adding another, dynamic credential. Depending upon the vendor, an OTP token will generate a PIN synchronously or asynchronously. Synchronous tokens use a secret key and time to create a one-time password. Asynchronous tokens use a challenge-response authentication mechanism (CRAM). In the past, OTP security tokens were usually pocket-size fobs with a small screen that displayed a number. The number changed every 30 or 60 seconds, depending on how the token is configured and the user entered his or her user name and password, plus the number displayed on the token. Today, OTP tokens are often software-based, and the passcode generated by the token is displayed on the user's smartphone screen. Software tokens make it easier for mobile users to enter authentication information and not have to keep track of a separate piece of hardware.
  8. What is an image replay attack ? An image replay attack is the use of a picture to fool an authentication method. Image replay attacks are most commonly used by an attacker trying to gain entry to a system protected by less-than-secure biometric authentication technology implementations. The method has been used successfully against low-end fingerscanners, iris scanners and facial recognition systems. In the simplest cases, image replay attacks involve a printed image of the subject used for authentication. An attacker might, for example, present a picture of an authorized user to a facial recognition system. Extra measures can be implemented in facial recognition and iris scans to foil printed or static images, however; such measures include requiring the user to wink, blink or speak. More sophisticated image replay attack methods may involve recorded video and audio playback to defeat these measures. Methods of defeating these attacks exist as well, however. Video and audio are typically out of sync to a detectable degree when played back from a file. Security algorithms have been created to detect the discrepancy and prevent these attacks. Making biometric authentication methods secure from image replay attacks can't rely on the methods used to detect data replay attacks. (The opposite is also true.) When security is important, it is advisable for administrators to be aware of both attack methods and counter measures.
  9. WHAT IS A COMBOLIST AND HOW TO MAKE IT? Combolist is actually info that you need to put into a Login page to access the account! we have 2 type of combos! [Hidden Content] Enjoy.
  10. What can be done with an IP address? a simple question but the answer is not so simple. Some of you may already be known about IP addresses. An IP address is like your internet address, every device which is connected to an internet or computer network has a unique IP address, such as your mobile phone, computer, printer and many more which is connected to the internet or a computer network has a unique IP address. IP addresses are written in a human-readable form such as 172.54.256.1, i will not go deep about ip addresses in this article. you can learn more about IP addresses from wikipedia. In This article you will learn that what can be done with an IP address of a smartphone or device, you will learn that how a simple numerical digit can help unethical hackers and how to protect from this. How To Find Your IP address It is very easy to find your IP address, just open google and search for "my IP address", in the result page you can see your IP address easily. If you don't want to use google then you can just see your IP address by opening myip.com in browser. What can be done with an IP address? IP address are like your address, its just a number but it can give many use full information about the device, location, ISP, and many more. Your IP address can be used by many websites, apps, webapps, to identify you and to give best experience. But IP addresses also can be used by hackers to give you worst experience, ya in this post you will get information about how hackers can find & use your IP address. How can someone get your IP address? IP address contains valuable information about you, your identity, and your device, so hackers can use it for malicious purpose. There are many ways people can get your IP address easily. Here are most common ways that used for finding someones IP address. From A Link This is very easy way to find someones IP address easily. Hackers can send you a link through social media, email, message, that tracks IP addresses, when you will click on that link hacker will get your IP address instantly. There are most of sites in internet who provides these service of creating a link to capture someones IP address. By Sending an Email When you send a email or reply a email to someone then the receiver can see your IP address by checking the header of message. Header of the message can contain IP address , some email services like yahoo, Microsoft outlook know to include IP address in header of a email. Using Torrent files When you use a torrent to download a file then the every member of swarm(total seeders and lechers) can see your IP address easily by accessing the list of peers. By Using Your Device If someone borrow your smartphone, PC for use then they can check your IP address easily by searching on google as i told you above in this post. These are the common possible ways can be used by someone to find your IP address without knowing you. What can hackers do with your IP address IP addresses can be used in many ways to fin information about you, here are some possible things someone can do with your IP address. People Can Find Your Location By finding your IP address someone can find your location in seconds. There are many free websites in the internet that can track a IP address and reveal sensitive info about you for free, its funny but its true. Hacker can get your current city location easily by your IP address and also hacker can sell this info to other criminals they can rude your Privacy Anyone can get your ISP information Using IP address people can get information about your internet service provider or sim card easily. But by IP address they can not see your phone number. Hackers can hack your device Hackers can brute force your IP address with different ports, internet uses ports to connect. Hackers can perform a brute force on your IP address with different ports and can gain access to your device.After hacking your device they can easily steal your valuable, private information, and it can be very dangerous for you. Someone can try to impersonate you IP address can reveal your location, ISP details and many other info. A criminal can use these information to impersonate you. Hackers can perform vishing attacks. Cyber criminals can use to do crime Hackers use hacked IP address to do illegal works, such as downloading illegal files, breaking securities, and many other crimes that can be dangerous for national security. Using your hacked IP address cyber criminals can frame you for illegal activity. How To Protect Yourself You should always protect your online identity, Hyperactive online users are more vulnerable. Here are some ways to protect your IP address and device from being hacked Use a VPN VPN is best way to protect your real ip address easily. VPN apps and software are available for free in app stores. Most free VPN like proton vpn, express vpn, are good for use. If you want high security then you should use a good paid vpn such as Nord VPN. Avoid clicking on Anonymous Links Don't click on links that are send you by any anonymous person. Use VPN to click on such a link that are specious and sent you anonymously. Don't reply unknown emails Sometime we get unknown emails from different email addresses, you should not reply these emails and also don't click on any link that are embedded there. Just mark them as SPAM. Update Your Router settings Hackers can access WiFi routers easily so you should not use default settings for the routers. Change password of your router every week. Use strong and long password for your router. If it is your home/private router then always make it password protected. Always update router and computer firewall. Use Strong Privacy Settings Use strong privacy settings for your social media accounts. Don't accept online calls from unknown persons on any instant messaging platform such as skype, messenger. Hackers can retrieve your IP address using Skype. Better to use VPN. Conclusion Your Privacy in your hand cyber criminals can target your device any time, protect yourself by applying above methods. Use VPN for better protection. Read more tutorials about cyber security in this site. Share this article with your friends. Protect your IP address and yourself.
  11. What does HTTP Response Status Code Says? List Of Most Commonly Shown Status Code Along With Their Saying 100 : Continue 101 : Switching Protocol 102: Processing (WebDAV) 103 : Early Hints 200: OK 201 : Created 202 : Accepted 203 : Non-Authoritative Information 204 : No Content 205 : Reset Content 206 : Partial Content 207 : Multi-Status (WebDAV) 208 : Already Reported (WebDAV) 226 : IM Used (HTTP Delta encoding) 300 : Multiple Choice 301 : Moved Permanently 302 : Found 303 : See Other 304 : Not Modified 305 : Use Proxy 306 : unused 307 : Temporary Redirect 308 : Permanent Redirect 400 : Bad Request 401 : Unauthorized 402 : Payment Required . 403 : Forbidden 404 : Not Found 405 : Method Not Allowed 406 : Not Acceptable 407 : Proxy Authentication Required 408 : Request Timeout 409 : Conflict 410 : Gone 411 : Length Required 412 : Precondition Failed 413 : Payload Too Large 414 : URI Too Long 415 : Unsupported Media Type 416 : Range Not Satisfiable 417 : Expectation Failed 418 : I'm a teapot 421 : Misdirected Request 422 : Unprocessable Entity (WebDAV) 423 : Locked (WebDAV) 424 : Failed Dependency (WebDAV) 425 : Too Early 426 : Upgrade Required 428 : Precondition Required 429 : Too Many Requests 431 : Request Header Fields Too Large 451 : Unavailable For Legal Reasons 500 : Internal Server Error 501 : Not Implemented 502 : Bad Gateway 503 : Service Unavailable 504 : Gateway Timeout 505 : HTTP Version Not Supported 506 : Variant Also Negotiates 507 : Insufficient Storage (WebDAV) 508 : Loop Detected (WebDAV) 510 : Not Extended 511 : Network Authentication Required HTTP Response Status Codes Indicates Whether A Specific HTTP Request Has Been Successfully Completed ==============================
  12. What is Cyber Security? Why is it Important Today? Hackers are the most clever people you'll find, they are so experienced and perfect In their work that you won't even know that you've been hacked when they contacted you. What is Cyber Security? Cybersecurity is the process of protecting and recovering your computer system, network, device, and programs from various types of cyber attacks. Cyber attacks are very sophisticated and dangerous to your sensitive data, these attackers keep evolving and use a new way every time. Why is Cyber Security Important Today? Cybersecurity's importance is rising a lot. All of us are now even more dependent on technology than we were before and it doesn't feel like this is gonna slow down. Stolen data is now being leaked on public platforms such as social media, including social security numbers, credit card information, bank accounts, etc, and is stored on cloud storage. Every day the number of hackers is increasing and as the number increases, the skills of the old ones get better. They keep growing, they never stop. To attack your devices and take your sensitive information they will go beyond your thinking and their limits, and you won't even have a chance against them. Only cyber security can save you and your information from thefts done by hackers. Hackers can even take money out from your bank, without you even knowing it, and this all is protected by cyber security. Conclusion Hackers are getting advanced, not day by day but every hour, every single hour they are looking for new things, learning new things to hack. Never trust anybody, and don't be greedy and give your personal information to others. And if you think you've been hacked, change the password of everything, close every online account and bank account, and report the attack to the police or cybercrime.
  13. WHAT SITE'S ACTUALLY DO TO PREVENT CRACKERS FROM CRACKING? some of them try hard to make crackers broken just like PSN ... but crackers do they ways and try to find a bypass! these are some issues in cracking - IM NOT ROBOT! (GOOGLE RECAPTCHA) And Captcha(you can bypass it with SentryMBA) for Recaptcha there are some site's that you can pay them for bypassing recaptcha like DBC, 2captcha, ETC ETC - Account 2step verification - Account Guard(Email, Phone)(Steam) - some of them get account limited if the passenger access to the account like Paypal
  14. WHAT IS THE ACCOUNT CRACKING?! Cracking is the act of obtaining unauthorized access into a computer system without the users permission and knowledge. Cracking doesn't require extensive hacking knowledge and capabilities, but rather a persistence and the dogged repetition of tricks that exploit common weaknesses in a targeted system or account! so this is a question, what is cracking used for?! for example, you don't have money to buy expensive game's! and also you really want to play that game! so you can crack other people account and use them for free!
  15. What is Cryptography? Cryptography is the study of secure communications techniques that allow only the sender and intended recipient of a message to view its contents.When transmitting electronic data, the most common use of cryptography is to encrypt and decrypt email and other plain-text messages.Modern cryptography uses sophisticated mathematical equations (algorithms) and secret keys to encrypt and decrypt data. Today, cryptography is used to provide secrecy and integrity to our data, and both authentication and anonymity to our communications.An example of basic cryptography is an encrypted message in which letters are replaced with other characters. To decode the encrypted contents, you would need a grid or table that defines how the letters are transposed.
  16. dEEpEst

    What is CTF? 

    What is CTF? CTF (Capture The Flag) is a kind of information security competition that challenges contestants to solve a variety of tasks ranging from a scavenger hunt on wikipedia to basic programming exercises, to hacking your way into a server to steal data. In these challenges, the contestant is usually asked to find a specific piece of text that may be hidden on the server or behind a webpage. This goal is called the flag, hence the name! Like many competitions, the skill level for CTFs varies between the events. Some are targeted towards professionals with experience operating on cyber security teams. These typically offer a large cash reward and can be held at a specific physical location.
  17. What is Website Defacement? A website defacement is an attack on a website that changes the visual appearance of the site or a webpage. These are typically the work of system crackers, who break into a web server and replace the hosted website with one of their own. The most common method of defacement is using SQL Injections to log on to administrator accounts. Defacements usually consist of an entire page. This page usually includes the defacer’s pseudonym or “Hacking Codename.” Sometimes, the Website Defacer makes fun of the system administrator for failing to maintain server security. Most times, the defacement is harmless, however, it can sometimes be used as a distraction to cover up more sinister actions such as uploading malware or deleting essential files from the server.
  18. Millions of tech-lovers around the world are aware that multiple dimensions exist on the World Wide Web. The internet, to call it by its household name, does not solely consist of what we interact with, far from it. In fact, what we interact with and search for overall only makes up a few percent of the actual (estimated) size of the World Wide Web. There are indeed multiple “floors” on the internet itself, akin to hidden underground areas you would imagine Area 51 ( or e.g., a bank) would have. Because of this, several reasons exist why informing yourself about the dark web is useful. The deeper parts of the internet are like a vast iceberg below the surface area -the area we all know and use every day. A lot is going on in the vast universe of the internet that 90% of us are unaware of. You might have heard about the mysterious darknet or “dark web” and want to learn more, or you may want to visit the dark web lair and find out for yourself (more on this later.) Likewise, you may want to understand what the “deep web” is. You could also be wondering whether it is safe to access the deeper parts of the web. Whatever your reason may be, read on below and find out more about this fascinating topic. The Various Layers of the Internet To draw on an analogy, the internet is much like our universe in its structure. It is a seemingly endless space that consists of unique planets and galaxies that form to make a whole. It also resembles a living organism in the same way. Remember, the internet has no central authority of control, and that’s why it is truly the only free platform of communication we have. That is not to say that law enforcement does not patrol the internet, but more so to underline that the internet has taken on a life of its own and it is still possible to be truly invisible on it. We can use a metaphor to illustrate this even better, by saying the internet is like a party with lots of people. All of the people are together, but also behave individually at the same time, and there is no single entity responsible for, or controlling, everyone. Yet, all parts contribute to the whole as well. This is the internet in a nutshell. As for the structure of the internet, we can use yet another analogy to describe this. This would be the classic iceberg analogy, which consists of a top layer, an immediate layer beneath the water and a third layer much deeper down that completes the iceberg. The top layer is the surface web, the middle layer is the deep web, and finally, the dark web resides down below in the depths. What is the Surface Web? The surface web also called the “clear web”, is the internet that we interact with daily for activities such as e.g., email, social media, web browsing, shopping, and online searches. This part of the web is only a fraction of the entire platform. This layer is indexed by typical search engines, and only makes up about 10% of the entire internet’s size. What is the Deep Web? The deep web is the largest chunk of the internet and comprises the majority of it. We could compare this to a huge warehouse or factory where the inner workings of the internet are held and are not indexed by classical search engines. This content is mostly databases, unlisted items, and other storage databases. The deep web is not indexed by search engines but is not purposefully encrypted either. What is the Dark Web? The dark web, considered to be within the deep web that covers 90% of the entire size of the internet, is a purposefully encrypted layer of the internet that can only be accessed with search engines like Tor (The Onion Browser.) Much of the deep web, also called the darknet, contains extremely illicit and highly illegal material. Its users are hidden, and payments are also anonymized. Should You be Using the Dark Web? First of all, browsing the dark web in itself is not illegal, inasmuch as torrenting isn’t if you use it for downloading files legally and not breaking copyright rules. However, since the dark web is home to vast amounts of illegal material, the automatic assumption is that the user may be there to conduct an illegal activity or even terrorism. It is a place with no filters at all. The dark web is a place where you can shop for everything from weapons, drugs, illegal porn to hiring a hitman. At the same time, the dark web is practically the only place e.g., journalists wishing to remain anonymous. Even some companies and academic institutions benefit from the dark web these days. Using the Tor browser (or any other onion browser for the dark web) is not illegal either, and you will not attract any attention to yourself unless you meddle in illegal or clandestine activities. Having said that, internet users are demanding more and more security and privacy every day, meaning that the menacing lair of the dark web is also the only place that can almost guarantee both complete privacy and complete security for anyone wishing to cloak themselves. You can use the dark web, but make sure to avoid clicking on any links that seem to lead to “dark” things. Many people use the dark web for private research, private communications, and even private cryptocurrency transactions. If you happen to stumble on a shady website, make sure to close the tab immediately and avoid it in the future. As long as you stick to normal habits, you can use the dark web for your privacy as much as you like. Remember, using a VPN or Virtual Private Network when browsing the dark web will give you even greater peace of mind and disambiguate you from the process.
  19. What can be done with an IP address? What can be done with an IP address? a simple question but the answer is not so simple. Some of you may already be known about IP addresses. An IP address is like your internet address, every device which is connected to an internet or computer network has a unique IP address, such as your mobile phone, computer, printer and many more which is connected to the internet or a computer network has a unique IP address. IP addresses are written in a human-readable form such as 172.54.256.1, i will not go deep about ip addresses in this article. you can learn more about IP addresses from wikipedia. In This article you will learn that what can be done with an IP address of a smartphone or device, you will learn that how a simple numerical digit can help unethical hackers and how to protect from this. How To Find Your IP address It is very easy to find your IP address, just open google and search for "my IP address", in the result page you can see your IP address easily. If you don't want to use google then you can just see your IP address by opening myip.com in browser. What can be done with an IP address? IP address are like your address, its just a number but it can give many use full information about the device, location, ISP, and many more. Your IP address can be used by many websites, apps, webapps, to identify you and to give best experience. But IP addresses also can be used by hackers to give you worst experience, ya in this post you will get information about how hackers can find & use your IP address. How can someone get your IP address? IP address contains valuable information about you, your identity, and your device, so hackers can use it for malicious purpose. There are many ways people can get your IP address easily. Here are most common ways that used for finding someones IP address. From A Link This is very easy way to find someones IP address easily. Hackers can send you a link through social media, email, message, that tracks IP addresses, when you will click on that link hacker will get your IP address instantly. There are most of sites in internet who provides these service of creating a link to capture someones IP address. By Sending an Email When you send a email or reply a email to someone then the receiver can see your IP address by checking the header of message. Header of the message can contain IP address , some email services like yahoo, Microsoft outlook know to include IP address in header of a email. Using Torrent files When you use a torrent to download a file then the every member of swarm(total seeders and lechers) can see your IP address easily by accessing the list of peers. By Using Your Device If someone borrow your smartphone, PC for use then they can check your IP address easily by searching on google as i told you above in this post. These are the common possible ways can be used by someone to find your IP address without knowing you. What can hackers do with your IP address IP addresses can be used in many ways to fin information about you, here are some possible things someone can do with your IP address. People Can Find Your Location By finding your IP address someone can find your location in seconds. There are many free websites in the internet that can track a IP address and reveal sensitive info about you for free, its funny but its true. Hacker can get your current city location easily by your IP address and also hacker can sell this info to other criminals they can rude your Privacy Anyone can get your ISP information Using IP address people can get information about your internet service provider or sim card easily. But by IP address they can not see your phone number. Hackers can hack your device Hackers can brute force your IP address with different ports, internet uses ports to connect. Hackers can perform a brute force on your IP address with different ports and can gain access to your device.After hacking your device they can easily steal your valuable, private information, and it can be very dangerous for you. Someone can try to impersonate you IP address can reveal your location, ISP details and many other info. A criminal can use these information to impersonate you. Hackers can perform vishing attacks. Cyber criminals can use to do crime Hackers use hacked IP address to do illegal works, such as downloading illegal files, breaking securities, and many other crimes that can be dangerous for national security. Using your hacked IP address cyber criminals can frame you for illegal activity. How To Protect Yourself You should always protect your online identity, Hyperactive online users are more vulnerable. Here are some ways to protect your IP address and device from being hacked Use a VPN VPN is best way to protect your real ip address easily. VPN apps and software are available for free in app stores. Most free VPN like proton vpn, express vpn, are good for use. If you want high security then you should use a good paid vpn such as Nord VPN. Avoid clicking on Anonymous Links Don't click on links that are send you by any anonymous person. Use VPN to click on such a link that are specious and sent you anonymously. Don't reply unknown emails Sometime we get unknown emails from different email addresses, you should not reply these emails and also don't click on any link that are embedded there. Just mark them as SPAM. Update Your Router settings Hackers can access WiFi routers easily so you should not use default settings for the routers. Change password of your router every week. Use strong and long password for your router. If it is your home/private router then always make it password protected. Always update router and computer firewall. Use Strong Privacy Settings Use strong privacy settings for your social media accounts. Don't accept online calls from unknown persons on any instant messaging platform such as skype, messenger. Hackers can retrieve your IP address using Skype. Better to use VPN. Conclusion Your Privacy in your hand cyber criminals can target your device any time, protect yourself by applying above methods. Use VPN for better protection. Read more tutorials about cyber security in this site. Share this article with your friends. Protect your IP address and yourself.
  20. What is ransomware ? - Ransomware is a subset of malware in which the data on a victim's computer is locked -- typically by encryption -- and payment is demanded before the ransomed data is decrypted and access is returned to the victim. The motive for ransomware attacks is usually monetary, and unlike other types of attacks, the victim is usually notified that an exploit has occurred and is given instructions for how to recover from the attack. Payment is often demanded in a virtual currency, such as bitcoin, so that the cybercriminal's identity is not known. - Ransomware malware can be spread through malicious attachments found in emails or in infected malicious software apps, infected external storage devices and compromised websites. Attacks have also used Remote Desktop Protocol and other approaches that do not rely on any form of user interaction.
  21. What are password cracking techniques ? Password crackers use two primary methods to identify correct passwords: brute-force and dictionary attacks. However, there are plenty of other password cracking methods, including the following: Brute force : This attack runs through combinations of characters of a predetermined length until it finds the combination that matches the password. Dictionary search : Here, a password cracker searches each word in the dictionary for the correct password. Password dictionaries exist for a variety of topics and combinations of topics, including politics, movies and music groups. Phishing : These attacks are used to gain access to user passwords without the use of a password cracking tool. Instead, a user is fooled into clicking on an email attachment. From here, the attachment could install malware or prompt the user to use their email to sign into a false version of a website, revealing their password. Malware : Similar to phishing, using malware is another method of gaining unauthored access to passwords without the use of a password cracking tool. Malware such as keyloggers, which track keystrokes, or screen scrapers, which take screenshots, are used instead. Rainbow attack : This approach involves using different words from the original password in order to generate other possible passwords. Malicious actors can keep a list called a rainbow table with them. This list contains leaked and previously cracked passwords, which will make the overall password cracking method more effective. Guessing : An attacker may be able to guess a password without the use of tools. If the threat actor has enough information about the victim or the victim is using a common enough password, they may be able to come up with the correct characters. - Some password cracking programs may use hybrid attack methodologies where they search for combinations of dictionary entries and numbers or special characters. For example, a password cracker may search for ants01, ants02, ants03, etc. This can be helpful when users have been advised to include a number in their password.
  22. ✓ What is an image replay attack ? An image replay attack is the use of a picture to fool an authentication method. Image replay attacks are most commonly used by an attacker trying to gain entry to a system protected by less-than-secure biometric authentication technology implementations. The method has been used successfully against low-end fingerscanners, iris scanners and facial recognition systems. In the simplest cases, image replay attacks involve a printed image of the subject used for authentication. An attacker might, for example, present a picture of an authorized user to a facial recognition system. Extra measures can be implemented in facial recognition and iris scans to foil printed or static images, however; such measures include requiring the user to wink, blink or speak. More sophisticated image replay attack methods may involve recorded video and audio playback to defeat these measures. Methods of defeating these attacks exist as well, however. Video and audio are typically out of sync to a detectable degree when played back from a file. Security algorithms have been created to detect the discrepancy and prevent these attacks. Making biometric authentication methods secure from image replay attacks can't rely on the methods used to detect data replay attacks. (The opposite is also true.) When security is important, it is advisable for administrators to be aware of both attack methods and counter measures.
  23. ✓ What is OTP token ? A one-time password token (OTP token) is a security hardware device or software program that is capable of producing a single-use password or PIN passcode. One-time password tokens are often used as a part of two-factor and multifactor authentication. The use of one-time password tokens hardens a traditional ID and password system by adding another, dynamic credential. Depending upon the vendor, an OTP token will generate a PIN synchronously or asynchronously. Synchronous tokens use a secret key and time to create a one-time password. Asynchronous tokens use a challenge-response authentication mechanism (CRAM). In the past, OTP security tokens were usually pocket-size fobs with a small screen that displayed a number. The number changed every 30 or 60 seconds, depending on how the token is configured and the user entered his or her user name and password, plus the number displayed on the token. Today, OTP tokens are often software-based, and the passcode generated by the token is displayed on the user's smartphone screen. Software tokens make it easier for mobile users to enter authentication information and not have to keep track of a separate piece of hardware.
  24. ✓What is password salting ? Password salting is a technique to protect passwords stored in databases by adding a string of 32 or more characters and then hashing them. Salting prevents hackers who breach an enterprise environment from reverse-engineering passwords and stealing them from the database. Password salting increases password complexity, making them unique and secure without affecting user experience. It also helps prevent hash table attacks and slows down brute-force and dictionary attacks. ✓ Password hashing and why salting is required Hashing prevents passwords from being exposed or stolen by threat actors, since they are not stored as plaintext. For example, when users create an account with a username and password on a website, their password is hashed and stored in an internal file system in an encrypted form. When users log in, the password runs through a one-way hashing algorithm that converts the password into a different and unrecognizable string of characters. During login, this string is compared to the other hashes stored in the website's database. If the credentials match the stored hash, users can access the account. If it doesn't match, hash verification fails, and users are not able to log in.
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